Bio Diversity in India

The diversity of plants and animal provide us food, fuel, medicine, shelter and other essentials without which we cannot live. Bio-diversity is a short form of biological diversity. In simple terms, bio-diversity is the total number of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. It includes (i) genetic diversity (ii) species diversity and (iii) eco-system diversity.

Due to its unique location, India is endowed with rich bio-diversity.

Natural Vegetation of India

1. Tropical Evergreen

• More than 200 cm rainfall.
• Trees do not shed their leaves in any particular season.
• Dense and mixed vegetation.
• Height of tress is 60 metres or more.

2. Tropical Decidious

• 75 to 200 cm rainfall.
• Moist widespread.
• Divided into moist and dry.

3. Thorn Forest

• Less tan 75 cm rainfall.
• Dry climate.
• Long roots, thick and shiny small leaves.

4. Tidal Forest

• Accumulate Water in the deltas
• Branches of trees remain submerged in water
• Flourish in fresh and salt water

5. Himalayan Vegetation

The vegetation changes according to altitude. The decreasing temperature with increasing altitude lead to varied types of vegetation.